Detail Information of Microbiota Influence

General Information of Drug Transporter (DT)
DT ID DTD0347 Transporter Info
Gene Name SLC39A6
Transporter Name Zinc transporter ZIP6
Gene ID
25800
UniProt ID
Q13433
Microbiota Influence of This DT (MBI)

Bacteria: Bacillota

   Genus: Bacillus

     Bacillus subtilis 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [2] , [3] , [4]

Regulating Factor
ycdH

Detailed Description

 The protein ycdH of Bacillus subtilis ZB307A has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [2] , [3] , [4]

Regulating Factor
yciC

Detailed Description

 The protein yciC of Bacillus subtilis ZB307A has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

   Genus: Lactococcus

     Lactococcus lactis 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [5] , [6]

Regulating Factor
ZitSQP , ,

Detailed Description

 The protein ZitSQP of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis Il1403 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Listeria

     Listeria monocytogenes 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [7]

Regulating Factor
zinA

Studied Tissue

 Uterus

In Vivo Model

 MF1 mice

In Vitro Model

 Human papillomavirus-related endocervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa M)

Detailed Description

 The protein zinA of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [7]

Regulating Factor
ZurAM ,

Studied Tissue

 Uterus

In Vivo Model

 MF1 mice

In Vitro Model

 Human papillomavirus-related endocervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa M)

Detailed Description

 The protein ZurAM of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Staphylococcus

     Staphylococcus aureus 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [8] , [9] , [10]

Regulating Factor
CzrA

Detailed Description

 The protein czra of Staphylococcus aureus has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Streptococcus

     Streptococcus gordonii 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [11] , [12] , [13]

Regulating Factor
AdcRCBA , , ,

Detailed Description

 The protein AdcRCBA of Streptococcus gordonii str. Challis has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

     Streptococcus pneumoniae 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [14]

Regulating Factor
AdcCBA , ,

Detailed Description

 The protein AdcCBA of Streptococcus pneumoniae D39 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

Bacteria: Campylobacterota

   Genus: Campylobacter

     Campylobacter jejuni 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in gastroenteritis condition [1] , [15] , [16] , [4]

Regulating Factor
znuA

Studied Phenotype

 Gastroenteritis [ICD11: 1A40]

Studied Tissue

 Jejunum

In Vivo Model

 Chicken

Detailed Description

 The protein znuA of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 81-176 has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

Bacteria: Pseudomonadota

   Genus: Acinetobacter

     Acinetobacter baumannii 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [17] , [4]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Brucella

     Brucella abortus 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [18] , [4]

Regulating Factor
znuA

Studied Tissue

 Cervix

In Vivo Model

 BALB/c athymic Nu/Nu mice

In Vitro Model

 Human human papillomavirus-related endocervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa)

Detailed Description

 The protein znua of Brucella abortus 544 has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

   Genus: Escherichia

     Escherichia coli 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [19] , [4]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Escherichia coli SB2847 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Up regulating of SLC39A6 expression in the health condition [4] , [20]

Regulating Factor
Lipopolysaccharide

Studied Tissue

 Liver

In Vivo Model

 CD-1 mice

Detailed Description

 The compound Lipopolysaccharide Generated by Escherichia coli O55 has been reported to increase the expression of the drug transporter SLC39A6.

   Genus: Haemophilus

     [Haemophilus] ducreyi 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [2] , [4] , [21]

Regulating Factor
znuA

Detailed Description

 The protein znuA of [Haemophilus] ducreyi 35000HP has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

   Genus: Neisseria

     Neisseria meningitidis 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in bacterial meningitis condition [1] , [4] , [22]

Regulating Factor
ZnuD

Studied Phenotype

 Bacterial meningitis [ICD11: 1D01.0]

Studied Tissue

 Brain

In Vivo Model

 C57BL/6 mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuD of Neisseria meningitidis B16B6 has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

   Genus: Pasteurella

     Pasteurella multocida 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [23]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Studied Tissue

 Intestine

In Vivo Model

 Swiss mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Pasteurella multocida PM25 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Salmonella

     Salmonella enterica 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in colon cancer condition [1] , [4] , [24]

Regulating Factor
znuA

Studied Phenotype

 Colon cancer [ICD11: 2B90]

Studied Tissue

 Colon

In Vitro Model

 Human colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2)

Detailed Description

 The protein znuA of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. ATCC 14028 has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [25]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Studied Tissue

 Intestine

In Vivo Model

 C57BL/6 mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium IR715 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 3

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [26]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Studied Tissue

 Blood

In Vivo Model

 BALB/c mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. ATCC 14028 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Vibrio

     Vibrio cholerae 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in cholera condition [1] , [4] , [27]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Studied Phenotype

 Cholera [ICD11: 1A00]

Studied Tissue

 Small intestine

In Vivo Model

 CD-1 mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Vibrio cholerae C6706 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in cholera condition [1] , [4] , [27]

Regulating Factor
ZrgABCDE , , , ,

Studied Phenotype

 Cholera [ICD11: 1A00]

Studied Tissue

 Small intestine

In Vivo Model

 CD-1 mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZrgABCDE of Vibrio cholerae C6706 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Yersinia

     Yersinia pestis 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in septicemic plague condition [1] , [4] , [28]

Regulating Factor
ZnuABC , ,

Studied Phenotype

 Septicemic plague [ICD11: 1B93]

Studied Tissue

 Blood

In Vivo Model

 Swiss Webster mice

Detailed Description

 The protein ZnuABC of Yersinia pestis KIM5 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

Bacteria: Spirochaetota

   Genus: Treponema

     Treponema pallidum 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Sequestration of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [29]

Regulating Factor
troA

Detailed Description

 The protein troA of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum str. Nichols has been reported to sequester the substrate/drug of SLC39A6, which may affects its substrate/drug distribution in the body.

Fungi: Ascomycota

   Genus: Aspergillus

     Aspergillus fumigatus 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [30] , [31] , [32]

Regulating Factor
zrfA

Detailed Description

 The protein zrfA of Aspergillus fumigatus CETC has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [30] , [31] , [32]

Regulating Factor
zrfB

Detailed Description

 The protein zrfB of Aspergillus fumigatus CETC has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 3

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [4] , [30] , [31] , [33]

Regulating Factor
zrfC

Detailed Description

 The protein zrfC of Aspergillus fumigatus CEA17 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

   Genus: Candida

     Candida albicans 

Microbe Info

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [34] , [4]

Regulating Factor
ZRT1

Detailed Description

 The protein zrt1 of Candida albicans has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 2

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [30] , [35] , [4]

Regulating Factor
ZRT1

Detailed Description

 The protein ZRT1 of Candida albicans M134 has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

       Microbe Influence 3

 Co-transport of human SLC39A6 substrates/drugs in the health condition [1] , [34] , [4]

Regulating Factor
ZRT2

Detailed Description

 The protein zrt2 of Candida albicans has been reported to transport similar substrates/drugs of SLC39A6, which affects the distribution of its substrate/drug in vivo.

Bacteria: Host unspecified microbiota

   Genus: Unknown microbiota

     Host unspecified microbiota 

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       Microbe Influence 1

 Down regulating of SLC39A6 expression in the health condition [30] , [36]

Regulating Factor
Lipopolysaccharide

Regulation Mechanism

 via influence on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Studied Tissue

 Spleen

In Vivo Model

 C57BL/6 mice

Detailed Description

 The compound lipopolysaccharide generated by host unspecified microbiota has been reported to decrease the expression of the drug transporter SLC39A6.
References
1 Transition metal ions at the crossroads of mucosal immunity and microbial pathogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2014 Jan 24;4:2.
2 A new family of high-affinity ABC manganese and zinc permeases. Res Microbiol. 2001 Apr-May;152(3-4):231-43.
3 Identification of a zinc-specific metalloregulatory protein, Zur, controlling zinc transport operons in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1998 Nov;180(22):5815-21.
4 Transition metals and host-microbe interactions in the inflamed intestine. Biometals. 2019 Jun;32(3):369-384.
5 Metallobiology of Lactobacillaceae in the gut microbiome. J Inorg Biochem. 2023 Jan;238:112023.
6 The complete genome sequence of the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis IL1403. Genome Res. 2001 May;11(5):731-53.
7 Two zinc uptake systems contribute to the full virulence of Listeria monocytogenes during growth in vitro and in vivo. Infect Immun. 2012 Jan;80(1):14-21.
8 Competitors versus Collaborators: Micronutrient Processing by Pathogenic and Commensal Human-Associated Gut Bacteria. Mol Cell. 2020 May 21;78(4):570-576.
9 Bacterial Strategies to Maintain Zinc Metallostasis at the Host-Pathogen Interface. J Biol Chem. 2016 Sep 30;291(40):20858-20868.
10 A metal-ligand-mediated intersubunit allosteric switch in related SmtB/ArsR zinc sensor proteins. J Mol Biol. 2003 Oct 31;333(4):683-95.
11 Manganese homeostasis and utilization in pathogenic bacteria. Mol Microbiol. 2015 Jul;97(2):216-28.
12 Manganese transport and the role of manganese in virulence. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2006;60:187-209.
13 Involvement of the adc operon and manganese homeostasis in Streptococcus gordonii biofilm formation. J Bacteriol. 2003 May;185(9):2887-900.
14 Competence and virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Adc and PsaA mutants exhibit a requirement for Zn and Mn resulting from inactivation of putative ABC metal permeases. Mol Microbiol. 1997 Aug;25(4):727-39.
15 A Campylobacter jejuni znuA orthologue is essential for growth in low-zinc environments and chick colonization. J Bacteriol. 2009 Mar;191(5):1631-40.
16 Zinc competition among the intestinal microbiota. mBio. 2012 Jul 31;3(4):e00171-12.
17 Identification of an Acinetobacter baumannii zinc acquisition system that facilitates resistance to calprotectin-mediated zinc sequestration. PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(12):e1003068.
18 Zinc uptake system (znuA locus) of Brucella abortus is essential for intracellular survival and virulence in mice. J Vet Med Sci. 2004 Sep;66(9):1059-63.
19 The ZnuABC high-affinity zinc uptake system and its regulator Zur in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 1998 Jun;28(6):1199-210.
20 Interleukin-6 regulates the zinc transporter Zip14 in liver and contributes to the hypozincemia of the acute-phase response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 May 10;102(19):6843-8.
21 Identification of the znuA-encoded periplasmic zinc transport protein of Haemophilus ducreyi. Infect Immun. 1999 Oct;67(10):5060-8.
22 The molecular mechanism of Zinc acquisition by the neisserial outer-membrane transporter ZnuD. Nat Commun. 2015 Aug 18;6:7996.
23 The high-affinity zinc-uptake system znuACB is under control of the iron-uptake regulator (fur) gene in the animal pathogen Pasteurella multocida. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Apr 11;221(1):31-7.
24 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium growth is inhibited by the concomitant binding of Zn(II) and a pyrrolyl-hydroxamate to ZnuA, the soluble component of the ZnuABC transporter. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Mar;1860(3):534-41.
25 The cytokine IL-22 promotes pathogen colonization by suppressing related commensal bacteria. Immunity. 2014 Feb 20;40(2):262-73.
26 Role of the high-affinity zinc uptake znuABC system in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium virulence. Infect Immun. 2002 Aug;70(8):4721-5.
27 Dual Zinc Transporter Systems in Vibrio cholerae Promote Competitive Advantages over Gut Microbiome. Infect Immun. 2015 Oct;83(10):3902-8.
28 The Yersinia pestis siderophore, yersiniabactin, and the ZnuABC system both contribute to zinc acquisition and the development of lethal septicaemic plague in mice. Mol Microbiol. 2014 Aug;93(4):759-75.
29 The general transition metal (Tro) and Zn2+ (Znu) transporters in Treponema pallidum: analysis of metal specificities and expression profiles. Mol Microbiol. 2007 Jul;65(1):137-52.
30 Immunological orchestration of zinc homeostasis: The battle between host mechanisms and pathogen defenses. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2016 Dec 1;611:66-78.
31 Zinc and Manganese Chelation by Neutrophil S100A8/A9 (Calprotectin) Limits Extracellular Aspergillus fumigatus Hyphal Growth and Corneal Infection. J Immunol. 2016 Jan 1;196(1):336-44.
32 The zrfA and zrfB genes of Aspergillus fumigatus encode the zinc transporter proteins of a zinc uptake system induced in an acid, zinc-depleted environment. Eukaryot Cell. 2005 May;4(5):837-48.
33 Aspergillus fumigatus survival in alkaline and extreme zinc-limiting environments relies on the induction of a zinc homeostasis system encoded by the zrfC and aspf2 genes. Eukaryot Cell. 2010 Mar;9(3):424-37.
34 Zinc sequestration: arming phagocyte defense against fungal attack. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(12):e1003815.
35 Candida albicans scavenges host zinc via Pra1 during endothelial invasion. PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(6):e1002777.
36 Toll-like receptor-mediated regulation of zinc homeostasis influences dendritic cell function. Nat Immunol. 2006 Sep;7(9):971-7.

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