Drug Transporter (DT) Information

General Information of DT
DT ID	DTD0025
Gene Name	SLC22A8
Protein Name	Organic anion transporter 3
Gene ID	9376
UniProt ID	Q8TCC7
TCDB ID	2.A.1.19.34
3D Structure	Modelled DT Structure Method: multi-sequence alignment based machine learning Detail: Structure Info
Synonyms	OAT3; SLC22A8; Solute carrier family 22 member 8; hOAT3
DT Family	Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS)
DT Family	Organic Cation Transporter (OCT) Family
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in kidney.
Function	This transporter may mediates the excretion of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenadine. Transports benzylpenicillin (PCG), estrone-3-sulfate (E1S), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), p-amino-hippurate (PAH), acyclovir (ACV) and ochratoxin (OTA).
Disease(s)	Dyslipidaemias [ICD-11: 5C8Z]
	Human immunodeficiency virus infection [ICD-11: 1C62.Z]
	Hypercholesterolemia [ICD-11: 5C80.0]
	Hyperuricaemia [ICD-11: 5C55.Y]
	Influenza virus [ICD-11: 1E30-1E32]
	Leukemia [ICD-11: 2A60-2B33]
	Type 2 diabetes [ICD-11: 5A11]
	Hypercalcemia [ICD-11: 5B91.0]
	Methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus [ICD-11: 1B74.0]
Endogenous Substrate(s)	Steviol glucuronide
Variability Data of This Drug Transporter (DT)
Regulatory Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 3.0)
(α) Microbiota Influence of This DT	Microbiota Influence (MBI)
(β) Post-translational Modification of This DT	Post-translational Modification (PTM)
(γ) Transcriptional Regulation of This DT	Transcriptional Regulation (TSR)
(δ) Epigenetic Regulation of This DT	Epigenetic Regulation (EGR)
(ε) Exogenous Modulation of This DT	Exogenous Modulation (EGM)
Structural Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 2.0)
(β) Inter-species Structural Differences	Inter-species Structural Differences (ISD)
General Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 1.0)
(α) Genetic Polymorphisms of This DT	Genetic Polymorphisms of This DT (GPD)
(β) Disease-specific Protein Abundances of This DT	Disease-specific Protein Abundances of This DT (DPAD)
(γ) Species- and Tissue-specific DT Abundances	Species/Tissue-specific Protein Abundances of This DT (S/TPAD)
Molecular Transporting Profile of This DT
Full List of Drug(s) Transported by This DT
Approved Drug			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug: 40 Drugs in Total
Drug Name	Highest Status	Detail	Indication	ICD 11	Ref
Acyclovir	Approved	Drug Info	Shingles	1.00E+91	[1]
Adefovir	Approved	Drug Info	Herpes simplex virus infection	1F00	[2]
Allopurinol	Approved	Drug Info	Hyperuricaemia	5C55.Y	[3]
Bumetanide	Approved	Drug Info	Edema associated with congestive heart failure	BD10	[4]
Cefaclor	Approved	Drug Info	Gram-positive & negative bacteria infections	1A00-1H0Z	[5]
Cefazolin	Approved	Drug Info	Methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus	1B74.0	[6]
Cefdinir	Approved	Drug Info	Bacterial infections	1A00-1H0Z	[5]
Cefotiam	Approved	Drug Info	Fungal infections	1F20-1F2Z	[7]
Ceftizoxime	Approved	Drug Info	Gram-positive & negative bacteria infections	1A00-1H0Z	[5]
Chlorothiazide	Approved	Drug Info	Edema associated with congestive heart failure	BD10	[8]
Cidofovir	Approved	Drug Info	Cytomegalovirus infections	1D82	[9]
Cilastatin	Approved	Drug Info	Bacterial infections	1A00-1H0Z	[10]
Cilostazol	Approved	Drug Info	Intermittent claudication	BD40.00	[11]
Cimetidine	Approved	Drug Info	Acid reflux disorder	DA22	[12]
Ciprofloxacin	Approved	Drug Info	Seizure	8A68	[13]
Dinoprostone	Approved	Drug Info	Medical abortion	JA00.1	[14]
Edaravone	Approved	Drug Info	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	8B60.0	[15]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Menopausal symptoms	MF32	[16]
Famotidine	Approved	Drug Info	Peptic ulcer	DA61	[17]
Furosemide	Approved	Drug Info	Edema associated with congestive heart failure	BD10	[4]
Ganciclovir	Approved	Drug Info	Cytomegalovirus infections	1D82	[2]
Imipenem	Approved	Drug Info	Bacterial infections	1A00-1H0Z	[10]
L-tryptophan	Approved	Drug Info	Depression	6A8Z	[18]
Mercaptopurine	Approved	Drug Info	Acute lymphoblastic leukemia	2B33.0	[19]
Methotrexate	Approved	Drug Info	Leukemia	2A60-2B33	[20]
Olmesartan medoxomil	Approved	Drug Info	High blood pressure	BA00	[21]
Oseltamivir	Approved	Drug Info	Influenza virus	1E30-1E32	[2]
Pitavastatin calcium	Approved	Drug Info	Dyslipidaemias	5C8Z	[22]
Prasterone	Approved	Drug Info	Hypercalcemia	5B91.0	[23]
Pravastatin	Approved	Drug Info	Hypercholesterolemia	5C80.0	[24]
Ranitidine	Approved	Drug Info	Peptic ulcer	DA61	[17]
Rosuvastatin	Approved	Drug Info	Hypercholesterolemia	5C80.0	[25]
Saxagliptin	Approved	Drug Info	Type 2 diabetes	5A11	[26]
Sitagliptin	Approved	Drug Info	Type 2 diabetes	5A11	[12]
Tenofovir	Approved	Drug Info	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62.Z	[27]
Tetracycline	Approved	Drug Info	Gram-positive & negative bacteria infections	1A00-1H0Z	[28]
Trichloromethiazide	Approved	Drug Info	Edema associated with heart failure	BD10.Z	[24]
Valacyclovir	Approved	Drug Info	Shingles	1.00E+91	[29]
Valsartan	Approved	Drug Info	High blood pressure	BA00	[24]
Zidovudine	Approved	Drug Info	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62.Z	[29]
Clinical Trial Drug			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug: 3 Drugs in Total
Drug Name	Highest Status	Detail	Indication	ICD 11	Ref
Benzylpenicillin	Phase 4	Drug Info	Gram-positive bacteria infections	1A00-1H0Z	[24]
Dimesna	Phase 3	Drug Info	Diabetic nephropathy	GB61	[30]
Uric acid	Phase 2/3	Drug Info	Acute ischemic stroke	8B11	[31]
Withdrawn, Discontinued or Preclinical Drug			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug: 3 Drugs in Total
Drug Name	Highest Status	Detail	Indication	ICD 11	Ref
Aminohippuric acid	Withdrawn	Drug Info	Renal function tests	MG02	[23]
Cephaloridine	Withdrawn	Drug Info	Urinary tract infections	GC08	[5]
Prostaglandin f2Alpha	Preclinical	Drug Info	Solid tumours	2D4Z	[14]
Endogenous Metabolites (EMs) Handled by This DT
Endogenous Metabolites (EMs)			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of EMs: 68 EMs in Total
EM Name	PubChem CID	Detail	Experimental Material		Ref
1-methylguanosine	96373	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
1-methylimidazoleacetate	75810	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
2-aminophenol sulfate	12196936	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
2-hydroxydecanoate	21488	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
2-oxindole-3-acetate	3080590	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
2-oxo-9-methylthiononanoic acid	44237170	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
3-hydroxyhexanoate	N.A.	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
3-[3-(sulfooxy)phenyl]propanoic acid	187488	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
4-allylphenol sulfate	66633409	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
4-hydroxyphenylacetate	127	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
4-vinylphenol sulfate	6426766	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
7-hydroxyfluphenazine	169490	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
7-ketodeoxycholate	188292	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
7-methylguanosine	135445750	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
9-amino-nonanoic acid	136877	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
9-o-acetylneuraminic acid	440038	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
Beta-muricholate	20848962	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Catechol sulfate	3083879	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Cholic acid	221493	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Citrate	311	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
Citrulline	9750	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Creatinine	588	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[34]
Decanedioate	1549016	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Dehydroascorbic acid	440667	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate	12594	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[35]
Deoxycarnitine	725	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Deoxycholate	222528	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Epicatechin 3-O-(3-O-methylgallate)	467296	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
Equol glucuronide	71316395	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Equol sulfate	N.A.	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Estrone sulfate	3001028	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Flavin mononucleotide	643976	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[36]
Gentisate	3469	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Glucuronate	94715	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Homostachydrine	441447	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Hypotaurine	107812	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Imidazole propionate	70630	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Indole-3-carboxylic acid	69867	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Indoleacetate	802	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Indoleacrylate	5375048	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Indolelactate	92904	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Indolin-2-one	321710	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Indoxyl sulfate	10258	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Licuroside	6475724	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
Mannitol	6251	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Mevalonate	5288798	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
N-acetyltryptophan	2002	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
N-delta-acetylornithine	121596237	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
O-methylcatechol sulfate	22473	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
P-cresol glucuronide	154035	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
P-cresol sulfate	4615423	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Phenol sulfate	74426	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Phenyllactate	1303	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Pongamoside A	44257566	EM Info	Identified using Oat3-deficient mice		[32]
Pyridoxal	1050	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Pyridoxic acid	6723	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Salicylate	54675850	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Sebacate	5192	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Serotonin	5202	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Sorbitol	5780	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Stachydrine	115244	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Succinylcarnitine	71464481	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Tetradecanedioate	7057923	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Thymidine	5789	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[36]
Trigonelline	5570	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Trimethylamine-N-oxide	1145	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Urate	1175	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[37]
Ursodeoxycholate	31401	EM Info	Identified using Oat3 knockout mice		[33]
Drug-DT Affinity Assessed by Cell Line
Approved Drug			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug: 30 Drugs in Total
Drug Name	Highest Status	Detail	Cell Line	Affinity	Ref
Acyclovir	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2	Km = 772 microM	[1]
Adefovir	Approved	Drug Info	BHK-21 cells-OAT3	Km = 1220 microM	[38]
Bumetanide	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 1586 microM	[4]
Cimetidine	Approved	Drug Info	Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells-OAT3	Km = 174 microM	[12]
Cimetidine	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 113 microM	[39]
Cimetidine	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 149 microM	[40]
Cimetidine	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 57.4 microM	[23]
Dinoprostone	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 0.345 microM	[14]
Edaravone	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 15.1 microM	[15]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 6.3 microM	[5]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 17 microM	[1]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Monkey kidney fibroblast-like cell (COS)7-OAT3	Km = 2.18 microM	[41]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 3.1 microM	[23]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 2.21 microM	[42]
Estrone sulfate	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 7.5 microM	[43]
Famotidine	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 124 microM	[40]
Methotrexate	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 10.9 microM	[23]
Methotrexate	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 17.2 microM	[20]
Methotrexate	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 21.1 microM	[44]
Methotrexate	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 21.1 microM	[44]
Olmesartan medoxomil	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 0.12 microM	[21]
Pitavastatin calcium	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 3.3 microM	[22]
Pravastatin	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 27.2 microM	[45]
Ranitidine	Approved	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 234 microM	[40]
Rosuvastatin	Approved	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 7.4 microM	[25]
Sitagliptin	Approved	Drug Info	Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells-OAT3	Km = 162 microM	[12]
Tenofovir	Approved	Drug Info	BHK-21 cells-OAT3	Km = 770 microM	[38]
Tetracycline	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 566.2 microM	[28]
Valacyclovir	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 57.9 microM	[29]
Zidovudine	Approved	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 145 microM	[29]
Clinical Trial Drug			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug: 2 Drugs in Total
Drug Name	Highest Status	Detail	Cell Line	Affinity	Ref
Dimesna	Phase 3	Drug Info	Human cervical cancer cell line (Hela)-OAT3	Km = 390 microM	[30]
Uric acid	Phase 2/3	Drug Info	Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OAT3	Km = 380.3 microM	[31]
Withdrawn, Discontinued or Preclinical Drug			Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug: 3 Drugs in Total
Drug Name	Highest Status	Detail	Cell Line	Affinity	Ref
Aminohippuric acid	Withdrawn	Drug Info	Oocytes-OAT3	Km = 87.2 microM	[23]
Prostaglandin f2Alpha	Preclinical	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 1.092 microM	[14]
Ochratoxin A	Investigative	Drug Info	Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3	Km = 0.75 microM	[46]
References
1	Expression of organic anion transporter 2 in the human kidney and its potential role in the tubular secretion of guanine-containing antiviral drugs. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Mar;40(3):617-24.
2	FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
3	Renal transport of organic compounds mediated by mouse organic anion transporter 3 (mOat3): further substrate specificity of mOat3. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 May;32(5):479-83.
4	Interactions of human organic anion transporters with diuretics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Mar;308(3):1021-9.
5	Human organic anion transporter hOAT3 is a potent transporter of cephalosporin antibiotics, in comparison with hOAT1. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Oct 1;70(7):1104-13.
6	Expression levels of renal organic anion transporters (OATs) and their correlation with anionic drug excretion in patients with renal diseases. Pharm Res. 2004 Jan;21(1):61-7.
7	Adaptive responses of renal organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) during cholestasis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2008 Jul;295(1):F247-52.
8	Overlapping in vitro and in vivo specificities of the organic anion transporters OAT1 and OAT3 for loop and thiazide diuretics. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2008 Apr;294(4):F867-73.
9	Renal transport of adefovir, cidofovir, and tenofovir by SLC22A family members (hOAT1, hOAT3, and hOCT2). Pharm Res. 2007 Apr;24(4):811-5.
10	Organic anion transporters also mediate the drug-drug interaction between imipenem and cilastatin. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2020 Mar;15(2):252-263.
11	Aspirin and probenecid inhibit organic anion transporter 3-mediated renal uptake of cilostazol and probenecid induces metabolism of cilostazol in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Jun;42(6):996-1007.
12	Transport of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin by human organic anion transporter 3, organic anion transporting polypeptide 4C1, and multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 May;321(2):673-83.
13	Organic anion transporter 3 (oat3/slc22a8) interacts with carboxyfluoroquinolones, and deletion increases systemic exposure to ciprofloxacin. Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Jul;74(1):122-31.
14	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Apr;301(1):293-8.
15	Human organic anion transporters 1 (hOAT1/SLC22A6) and 3 (hOAT3/SLC22A8) transport edaravone (MCI-186; 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) and its sulfate conjugate. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Aug;35(8):1429-34.
16	Involvement of tyrosine kinase and PI3K in the regulation of OAT3-mediated estrone sulfate transport in isolated rabbit renal proximal tubules. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2005 Nov;289(5):F1057-64.
17	A species difference in the transport activities of H2 receptor antagonists by rat and human renal organic anion and cation transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Oct;315(1):337-45.
18	Murine renal organic anion transporters mOAT1 and mOAT3 facilitate the transport of neuroactive tryptophan metabolites. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2005 Nov;289(5):C1075-84.
19	Organic anion transporter 3 is involved in the brain-to-blood efflux transport of thiopurine nucleobase analogs. J Neurochem. 2004 Aug;90(4):931-41.
20	Methotrexate-loxoprofen interaction: involvement of human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2004 Oct;19(5):369-74.
21	Multiple human isoforms of drug transporters contribute to the hepatic and renal transport of olmesartan, a selective antagonist of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Dec;35(12):2166-76.
22	Transporter-mediated influx and efflux mechanisms of pitavastatin, a new inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Oct;57(10):1305-11.
23	Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86.
24	Prediction of the overall renal tubular secretion and hepatic clearance of anionic drugs and a renal drug-drug interaction involving organic anion transporter 3 in humans by in vitro uptake experiments. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Jun;39(6):1031-8.
25	The contribution of organic anion transporters OAT1 and OAT3 to the renal uptake of rosuvastatin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Sep;322(3):1221-7.
26	Comparative clinical pharmacokinetics of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2012 Aug 1;51(8):501-14.
27	Tenofovir alafenamide is not a substrate for renal organic anion transporters (OATs) and does not exhibit OAT-dependent cytotoxicity. Antivir Ther. 2014;19(7):687-92.
28	Human organic anion transporters mediate the transport of tetracycline. Jpn J Pharmacol. 2002 Jan;88(1):69-76.
29	Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal antiviral transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Mar;300(3):918-24.
30	In vitro and in vivo assessment of renal drug transporters in the disposition of mesna and dimesna. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;52(4):530-42.
31	Involvement of uric acid transporters in alteration of serum uric acid level by angiotensin II receptor blockers. Pharm Res. 2008 Mar;25(3):639-46.
32	Multispecific drug transporter Slc22a8 (Oat3) regulates multiple metabolic and signaling pathways. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Oct;41(10):1825-34.
33	The drug transporter OAT3 (SLC22A8) and endogenous metabolite communication via the gut-liver-kidney axis. J Biol Chem. 2017 Sep 22;292(38):15789-15803.
34	A role for the organic anion transporter OAT3 in renal creatinine secretion in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2012 May 15;302(10):F1293-9.
35	Organic anion transporter 3 mediates the efflux transport of an amphipathic organic anion, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, across the blood-brain barrier in mice. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 May;39(5):814-9.
36	Organic anion transporter 3 contributes to the regulation of blood pressure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Sep;19(9):1732-40.
37	Multiple organic anion transporters contribute to net renal excretion of uric acid. Physiol Genomics. 2008 Apr 22;33(2):180-92.
38	Novel nucleotide human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase inhibitor GS-9148 with a low nephrotoxic potential: characterization of renal transport and accumulation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Jan;53(1):150-6.
39	Inhibition of oat3-mediated renal uptake as a mechanism for drug-drug interaction between fexofenadine and probenecid. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 May;34(5):743-7.
40	Is the monkey an appropriate animal model to examine drug-drug interactions involving renal clearance? Effect of probenecid on the renal elimination of H2 receptor antagonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Mar;316(3):1187-94.
41	Novobiocin is a potent inhibitor for human organic anion transporters. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Jun;37(6):1203-10.
42	Characterization of organic anion transport inhibitors using cells stably expressing human organic anion transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 May 11;419(2-3):113-20.
43	Hydrogen peroxide downregulates human organic anion transporters in the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubule. Life Sci. 2000 Dec 29;68(6):679-87.
44	Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71.
45	Inhibition of human organic anion transporter 3 mediated pravastatin transport by gemfibrozil and the metabolites in humans. Xenobiotica. 2007 Apr;37(4):416-26.
46	Characterization of ochratoxin A transport by human organic anion transporters. Life Sci. 2001 Sep 21;69(18):2123-35.

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