Detail Information of Post-Translational Modifications

General Information of Drug Transporter (DT)
DT ID	DTD0024 Transporter Info
Gene Name	SLC22A6
Transporter Name	Organic anion transporter 1
Gene ID	9356
UniProt ID	Q4U2R8

Post-Translational Modification of This DT
Overview of SLC22A6 Modification Sites with Functional and Structural Information
Sequence	M A F N D L L Q Q V G G V G R F Q Q I Q V T L V V L P L L L M A S H N T L Q N F T A A I P T H H C R P P A D A N L S K N G G L E V W L P R D R Q G Q P E S C L R F T S P Q W G L P F L N G T E A N G T G A T E P C T D G W I Y D N S T F P S T I V T E W D L V C S H R A L R Q L A Q S L Y M V G V L L G A M V F G Y L A D R L G R R K V L I L N Y L Q T A V S G T C A A F A P N F P I Y C A F R L L S G M A L A G I S L N C M T L N V E W M P I H T R A C V G T L I G Y V Y S L G Q F L L A G V A Y A V P H W R H L Q L L V S A P F F A F F I Y S W F F I E S A R W H S S S G R L D L T L R A L Q R V A R I N G K R E E G A K L S M E V L R A S L Q K E L T M G K G Q A S A M E L L R C P T L R H L F L C L S M L W F A T S F A Y Y G L V M D L Q G F G V S I Y L I Q V I F G A V D L P A K L V G F L V I N S L G R R P A Q M A A L L L A G I C I L L N G V I P Q D Q S I V R T S L A V L G K G C L A A S F N C I F L Y T G E L Y P T M I R Q T G M G M G S T M A R V G S I V S P L V S M T A E L Y P S M P L F I Y G A V P V A A S A V T V L L P E T L G Q P L P D T V Q D L E S R W A P T Q K E A G I Y P R K G K Q T R Q Q Q E H Q K Y M V P L Q A S A Q E K N G L
PTM type	X-Deubiquitination X-N-glycosylation X-Phosphorylation X-Ubiquitination X: Amino Acid

Deubiquitination
Unclear Residue	1 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Increasing SLC22A6 expression at the cell surface and an increased OAT1 transporter activity in cultured cells			[1]
Role of PTM	Surface Expression Modulation
Related Enzyme	Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 8 (USP8)
Experimental Material(s)	African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like (COS-7) cells
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Deubiquitination at SLC22A6 have been reported to increase its expression at the cell surface and transport activity in cultured cells.
N-glycosylation
Asparagine	5 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Critically important for SLC22A6 to the plasma membrane			[2] , [3]
Role of PTM	Surface Expression Modulation
Modified Residue	Asparagine	Modified Location	113
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Glycosylation at SLC22A6 Asparagine 113 have been reported to be critically important for its transporter to the plasma membrane.
PTM Phenomenon 2	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[3]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Asparagine	Modified Location	39
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	N-linked Glycosylation at SLC22A6 Asparagine 39 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 3	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[3]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Asparagine	Modified Location	56
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	N-linked Glycosylation at SLC22A6 Asparagine 56 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 4	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[3]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Asparagine	Modified Location	92
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	N-linked Glycosylation at SLC22A6 Asparagine 92 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 5	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[3]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Asparagine	Modified Location	97
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	N-linked Glycosylation at SLC22A6 Asparagine 97 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
Phosphorylation
Serine	3 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[4]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Serine	Modified Location	139
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Serine 139 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 2	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[5]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Serine	Modified Location	203
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Serine 203 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 3	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[4]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Serine	Modified Location	462
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Serine 462 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
Threonine	2 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[4]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Threonine	Modified Location	456
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Threonine 456 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 2	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[4]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Threonine	Modified Location	463
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Threonine 463 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
Tyrosine	3 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Potentially affecting the transporter			[6]
Role of PTM	On/Off Switch
Modified Residue	Tyrosine
Modified State	Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Removal of the Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Tyrosine (i.e. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors) have been reported to have the potential to affect the transporter.
PTM Phenomenon 2	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[4]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Tyrosine	Modified Location	141
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Tyrosine 141 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
PTM Phenomenon 3	Have the potential to influence SLC22A6			[4]
Role of PTM	Potential impacts
Modified Residue	Tyrosine	Modified Location	154
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Phosphorylation at SLC22A6 Tyrosine 154 has the potential to affect its expression or activity.
Ubiquitination
Lysine	4 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Inhibiting the activity of SLC22A6 by reducing by its cell-surface expression			[7]
Role of PTM	Trafficking to Plasma Membrane
Modified Residue	Lysine	Modified Location	48
Related Enzyme	Protein kinase C alpha type (PRKCA)
Experimental Material(s)	African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like (COS) cells
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Ubiquitination at SLC22A6 Lysine 48 have been reported to inhibit its transport activity.
PTM Phenomenon 2	Inhibiting the activity of SLC22A6			[8]
Role of PTM	Trafficking to Plasma Membrane
Modified Residue	Lysine	Modified Location	297
Related Enzyme	Protein kinase C alpha type (PRKCA)
Experimental Material(s)	African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like (COS-7) cells
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Ubiquitination at SLC22A6 Lysine 297 have been reported to inhibite its transport activity.
PTM Phenomenon 3	Inhibiting the activity of SLC22A6			[8]
Role of PTM	Trafficking to Plasma Membrane
Modified Residue	Lysine	Modified Location	303
Related Enzyme	Protein kinase C alpha type (PRKCA)
Experimental Material(s)	African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like (COS-7) cells
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Ubiquitination at SLC22A6 Lysine 303 have been reported to inhibite its transport activity.
PTM Phenomenon 4	Inhibiting the activity of SLC22A6			[8]
Role of PTM	Trafficking to Plasma Membrane
Modified Residue	Lysine	Modified Location	315
Related Enzyme	Protein kinase C alpha type (PRKCA)
Experimental Material(s)	African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like (COS-7) cells
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Ubiquitination at SLC22A6 Lysine 315 have been reported to inhibite its transport activity.
Unclear Residue	1 PTM Phenomena Related to This Residue		Click to Show/Hide the Full List
PTM Phenomenon 1	Decreasing the expression and SLC22A6 activity			[9]
Role of PTM	Degradation via Proteosome
Related Enzyme	E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 (NEDD4) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like (NEDD4L)
Experimental Material(s)	African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like (COS-7) cells; Human Embryonic Kidney 293T (HEK-293T) cells
Experimental Method	Co-Immunoprecipitation
Detailed Description	Ubiquitination at SLC22A6 have been reported to decrease its expression and transport activity.

References
1	Regulation of organic anion transporters: Role in physiology, pathophysiology, and drug elimination. Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Jan;217:107647.
2	The antiviral nucleotide analogs cidofovir and adefovir are novel substrates for human and rat renal organic anion transporter 1. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 Sep;56(3):570-80.
3	Role of glycosylation in the organic anion transporter OAT1. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 9;279(15):14961-6.
4	Characterization of native protein complexes and protein isoform variation using size-fractionation-based quantitative proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Dec;12(12):3851-73.
5	Global Ion Suppression Limits the Potential of Mass Spectrometry Based Phosphoproteomics. J Proteome Res. 2019 Jan 4;18(1):493-507.
6	Post-translational modifications of transporters. Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Dec;192:88-99.
7	Lysine 48-linked polyubiquitination of organic anion transporter-1 is essential for its protein kinase C-regulated endocytosis. Mol Pharmacol. 2013 Jan;83(1):217-24.
8	Three ubiquitination sites of organic anion transporter-1 synergistically mediate protein kinase C-dependent endocytosis of the transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;84(1):139-46.
9	Nedd4-2 but not Nedd4-1 is critical for protein kinase C-regulated ubiquitination, expression, and transport activity of human organic anion transporter 1. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2016 May 1;310(9):F821-31.

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Detail Information of Post-Translational Modifications

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