Drug Transporter (DT) Information

General Information of DT
DT ID DTD0250
Gene Name SLC29A4
Protein Name Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4
Gene ID
222962
UniProt ID
Q7RTT9
TCDB ID
2.A.57.1.5
3D Structure

Modelled DT Structure

Method: multi-sequence alignment based machine learning

Detail: Structure Info

Synonyms ENT4; PMAT; Plasma membrane monoamine transporter; SLC29A4; Solute carrier family 29 member 4; hENT4
DT Family Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter (ENT) Family ;
Tissue Specificity Expressed abundantly in the heart, in bothcardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells (at protein level).Highly expressed in brain, kidney and skeletal muscle. In thebrain expressed in cerebellum, cerebral cortex, medulla, occipitalpole, frontal and temporal lobes putamen and in the spinal cord.Lower expression in liver, pancreas, and liver. Expressed inendometrial tissue, exclusively in the stroma. Expression is highin the proliferative phase, decreases during the secretory phase,and is no longer detectable in the menstrual phase.
Function This transporter functions as a polyspecific organic cation transporter, efficiently transporting many organic cations such as monoamine neurotransmitters 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and biogenic amines including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. May play a role in regulating central nervous system homeostasis of monoamine neurotransmitters. May be involved in luminal transport of organic cations in the kidney and seems to use luminal proton gradient to drive organic cation reabsorption. Does not seem to transport nucleoside and nucleoside analogs such as uridine, cytidine, thymidine, adenosine, inosine, guanosine, and azidothymidine. Adenosine is efficiently transported but in a fashion highly sensitive to extracellular pH, with maximal activity in the pH range 5. 5 to 6. 5. Glu-206 is essential for the cation selectivity and may function as the charge sensor for cationic substrates. Transport is chloride and sodium-independent but appears to be sensitive to changes in membrane potential. Weakly inhibited by the classical inhibitors of equilibrative nucleoside transport, dipyridamole, dilazep, and nitrobenzylthioinosine. May play a role in the regulation of extracellular adenosine concentrations in cardiac tissues, in particular during ischemia.
Endogenous Substrate(s) 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
Variability Data of This Drug Transporter (DT)

Regulatory Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 3.0)

(α) Microbiota Influence of This DT
Microbiota Influence (MBI)

(β) Post-translational Modification of This DT
Post-translational Modification (PTM)

(γ) Transcriptional Regulation of This DT
Transcriptional Regulation (TSR)

(δ) Epigenetic Regulation of This DT
Epigenetic Regulation (EGR)

(ε) Exogenous Modulation of This DT
Exogenous Modulation (EGM)

Structural Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 2.0)

(β) Inter-species Structural Differences
Inter-species Structural Differences (ISD)

General Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 1.0)

(β) Disease-specific Protein Abundances of This DT
Disease-specific Protein Abundances of This DT (DPAD)

(γ) Species- and Tissue-specific DT Abundances
Species/Tissue-specific Protein Abundances of This DT (S/TPAD)
Molecular Transporting Profile of This DT

Full List of Drug(s) Transported by This DT

 Approved Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:            2 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Indication ICD 11 Ref
Ergotidine
 Approved Drug Info Migraine 8A80 [1]
Metformin
 Approved Drug Info Type 2 diabetes 5A11 [2]
References
1 Histamine uptake mediated by plasma membrane monoamine transporter and organic cation transporters in rat mast cell lines. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 15;849:75-83.
2 Metformin: from mechanisms of action to therapies. Cell Metab. 2014 Dec 2;20(6):953-66.

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