Drug Information

General Information
Drug ID
DR00082
Drug Name
Methotrexate
Synonyms
(S)-2-(4-(((2,4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl)(methyl)amino)benzamido)pentanedioic acid; A-Methopterin; A-Methpterin; Abitrexate; Amethopterin; Amethopterin L-; Amethopterine; Antifolan; Folex-Pfs; Hdmtx; L-Amethopterin; MTX; Maxtrex; Metatrexan; Methotextrate; Methotrexat; Methotrexat-Ebewe; Methotrexate, L-; Methotrexatum; Methylaminopterin; Methylaminopterinum; Metotressato [DCIT]; Metotrexato; Mexate; Mexate-Aq; N-Bismethylpteroylglutamic acid; Rasuvo; Rheumatrex; [3H]methotrexate; methotrexate
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Indication Leukemia [ICD11: 2A60-2B33] Approved [1]
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
Formula
C20H22N8O5
Canonical SMILES
CN(CC1=CN=C2C(=N1)C(=NC(=N2)N)N)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C20H22N8O5/c1-28(9-11-8-23-17-15(24-11)16(21)26-20(22)27-17)12-4-2-10(3-5-12)18(31)25-13(19(32)33)6-7-14(29)30/h2-5,8,13H,6-7,9H2,1H3,(H,25,31)(H,29,30)(H,32,33)(H4,21,22,23,26,27)/t13-/m0/s1
InChIKey
FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N
CAS Number
CAS 59-05-2
Pharmaceutical Properties Molecular Weight 454.4 Topological Polar Surface Area 211
Heavy Atom Count 33 Rotatable Bond Count 9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 5 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 12
XLogP
-1.8
PubChem CID
126941
ChEBI ID
ChEBI:44185
TTD Drug ID
D0SV8E
DT(s) Transporting This Drug BCRP Transporter Info Breast cancer resistance protein Substrate [2]
FLOT1 Transporter Info Folate transporter 1 Substrate [3]
MRP1 Transporter Info Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 Substrate [4]
MRP2 Transporter Info Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 Substrate [5]
MRP3 Transporter Info Multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 Substrate [6]
MRP4 Transporter Info Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 Substrate [7]
MRP5 Transporter Info Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 Substrate [8]
MRP8 Transporter Info Multidrug resistance-associated protein 8 Substrate [9]
OAT1 Transporter Info Organic anion transporter 1 Substrate [10]
OAT2 Transporter Info Organic anion transporter 2 Substrate [11]
OAT3 Transporter Info Organic anion transporter 3 Substrate [12]
OAT4 Transporter Info Organic anion transporter 4 Substrate [13]
OATP1A2 Transporter Info Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 Substrate [14]
OATP1B1 Transporter Info Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 Substrate [15]
OATP1B3 Transporter Info Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 Substrate [16]
P-GP Transporter Info P-glycoprotein 1 Substrate [17]
PCFT Transporter Info Proton-coupled folate transporter Substrate [18]
Drug-Transporter Activity Data
Drug-Transporter Activity Data BCRP Transporter Info Km = 681 microM Breast carcinoma cell line (MCF7)-BCRP [2]
BCRP Transporter Info Km = 1340 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-BCRP [19]
BCRP Transporter Info Km = 1410 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-BCRP [20]
MRP1 Transporter Info Km = 930 microM Breast carcinoma cell line (MCF7)-MRP1 [6]
MRP1 Transporter Info Km = 2150 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP1 [4]
MRP1 Transporter Info Km = 2150 microM NIH3T3-MRP1 [4]
MRP2 Transporter Info Km = 480 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP2 [7]
MRP3 Transporter Info Km = 910 microM Breast carcinoma cell line (MCF7)-MRP3 [6]
MRP3 Transporter Info Km = 620 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP3 [4]
MRP3 Transporter Info Km = 776 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP3 [21]
MRP4 Transporter Info Km = 220 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP4 [7]
MRP4 Transporter Info Km = 220 microM Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells-MRP4 [22]
MRP4 Transporter Info Km = 1300 microM Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells-MRP4 [23]
MRP5 Transporter Info Km = 1174 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP5 [24]
MRP5 Transporter Info Km = 1200 microM Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-MRP5 [8]
MRP8 Transporter Info Km = 957 microM LLC-PK1 cells-MRP8 [25]
OAT1 Transporter Info Km = 724 microM Oocytes-OAT1 [12]
OAT1 Transporter Info Km = 554 microM Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT1 [13]
OAT3 Transporter Info Km = 10.9 microM Oocytes-OAT3 [26]
OAT3 Transporter Info Km = 17.2 microM Oocytes-OAT3 [12]
OAT3 Transporter Info Km = 21.1 microM Oocytes-OAT3 [13]
OAT3 Transporter Info Km = 21.1 microM Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT3 [13]
OAT4 Transporter Info Km = 17.8 microM Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OAT4 [13]
OATP1A2 Transporter Info Km = 457 microM Oocytes-OATP1A2 [14]
OATP1B3 Transporter Info Km = 39.4 microM Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells-OATP1B3 [16]
OATP1B3 Transporter Info Km = 24.7 microM Oocytes-OATP1B3 [16]
PCFT Transporter Info Km = 4.2 microM Model organism in vivo (rat) [18]
References
1 Methotrexate was approved by FDA. The official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2019)
2 Wild-type breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is a methotrexate polyglutamate transporter. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5538-43.
3 Biology of the major facilitative folate transporters SLC19A1 and SLC46A1. Curr Top Membr. 2014;73:175-204.
4 Transport of methotrexate (MTX) and folates by multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 3 and MRP1: effect of polyglutamylation on MTX transport. Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7225-32.
5 Dose-dependent disposition of methotrexate in Abcc2 and Abcc3 gene knockout murine models. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Nov;39(11):2155-61.
6 Multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1 and MRP3 attenuate cytotoxic and transactivating effects of the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)prostaglandin J2 in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Biochemistry. 2003 May 13;42(18):5429-37.
7 Interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 2/ABCC2- and MRP4/ABCC4-mediated methotrexate transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jan;320(1):229-35.
8 The human multidrug resistance protein MRP5 transports folates and can mediate cellular resistance against antifolates. Cancer Res. 2005 May 15;65(10):4425-30.
9 ABCC11/MRP8 confers pemetrexed resistance in lung cancer. Cancer Sci. 2010 Nov;101(11):2404-10.
10 Transport of aminopterin by human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3: Comparison with methotrexate. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2010;25(2):163-9.
11 Transport of organic anions across the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 2003;146:95-158.
12 Methotrexate-loxoprofen interaction: involvement of human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2004 Oct;19(5):369-74.
13 Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71.
14 Interaction of methotrexate with organic-anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 and its genetic variants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Aug;318(2):521-9.
15 Preclinical Mouse Models To Study Human OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo. Mol Pharm. 2015 Dec 7;12(12):4259-69.
16 LST-2, a human liver-specific organic anion transporter, determines methotrexate sensitivity in gastrointestinal cancers. Gastroenterology. 2001 Jun;120(7):1689-99.
17 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
18 Site-specific contribution of proton-coupled folate transporter/haem carrier protein 1 in the intestinal absorption of methotrexate in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009 Jul;61(7):911-8.
19 Transport of methotrexate, methotrexate polyglutamates, and 17beta-estradiol 17-(beta-D-glucuronide) by ABCG2: effects of acquired mutations at R482 on methotrexate transport. Cancer Res. 2003 Jul 15;63(14):4048-54.
20 Nilotinib (AMN107, Tasigna) reverses multidrug resistance by inhibiting the activity of the ABCB1/Pgp and ABCG2/BCRP/MXR transporters. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Jul 15;78(2):153-61.
21 Transport of amphipathic anions by human multidrug resistance protein 3. Cancer Res. 2000 Sep 1;60(17):4779-84.
22 Analysis of methotrexate and folate transport by multidrug resistance protein 4 (ABCC4): MRP4 is a component of the methotrexate efflux system. Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 1;62(11):3144-50.
23 The MRP4/ABCC4 gene encodes a novel apical organic anion transporter in human kidney proximal tubules: putative efflux pump for urinary cAMP and cGMP. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 Mar;13(3):595-603.
24 Kinetic validation of the use of carboxydichlorofluorescein as a drug surrogate for MRP5-mediated transport. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2006 Apr;27(5):524-32.
25 Transport of bile acids, sulfated steroids, estradiol 17-beta-D-glucuronide, and leukotriene C4 by human multidrug resistance protein 8 (ABCC11). Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Feb;67(2):545-57.
26 Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86.

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