Drug Transporter (DT) Information

General Information of DT
DT ID DTD0006
Gene Name SLC22A2
Protein Name Organic cation transporter 2
Gene ID
6582
UniProt ID
O15244
TCDB ID
2.A.1.19.30
3D Structure

Modelled DT Structure

Method: multi-sequence alignment based machine learning

Detail: Structure Info

Synonyms OCT2; SLC22A2; Solute carrier family 22 member 2; hOCT2
DT Family Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS)
Organic Cation Transporter (OCT) Family
Tissue Specificity primarily expressed on the renal proximal tubule cells, low expression in small intestine, trachea and bronchi, skin, placenta, brain and the choroid plexus, and the inner ear
Function This transporter is a major determinant of the anticancer activity of oxaliplatin and may contribute to antitumor specificity. Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creatinine, amantadine, memantine, acriflavine, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)-styryl]-N-methylpyridinium ASP, amiloride, metformin, N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Transport of creatinine is inhibited by fluoroquinolones such as DX-619 and LVFX.
Disease(s) Chronic hepatitis B infection [ICD-11: 1E51.0]
Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]
Congestive heart failure [ICD-11: BD10]
Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]
Parkinson's Disease [ICD-11: 8A00.0]
Partial seizures [ICD-11: 8A68.0]
Respiratory allergies [ICD-11: 4A80]
Smoking cessation [ICD-11: 6C4A.2]
Type 2 diabetes [ICD-11: 5A11]
Endogenous Substrate(s) Peptide derivatives; Organic cations
Variability Data of This Drug Transporter (DT)

Regulatory Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 3.0)

(α) Microbiota Influence of This DT
Microbiota Influence (MBI)

(β) Post-translational Modification of This DT
Post-translational Modification (PTM)

(γ) Transcriptional Regulation of This DT
Transcriptional Regulation (TSR)

(δ) Epigenetic Regulation of This DT
Epigenetic Regulation (EGR)

(ε) Exogenous Modulation of This DT
Exogenous Modulation (EGM)

Structural Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 2.0)

(β) Inter-species Structural Differences
Inter-species Structural Differences (ISD)

General Variability Data of This DT (VARIDT 1.0)

(α) Genetic Polymorphisms of This DT
Genetic Polymorphisms of This DT (GPD)

(β) Disease-specific Protein Abundances of This DT
Disease-specific Protein Abundances of This DT (DPAD)

(γ) Species- and Tissue-specific DT Abundances
Species/Tissue-specific Protein Abundances of This DT (S/TPAD)
Molecular Transporting Profile of This DT

Full List of Drug(s) Transported by This DT

 Approved Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:          22 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Indication ICD 11 Ref
Abemaciclib
 Approved Drug Info Breast cancer 2C60-2C6Z [1]
Amantadine
 Approved Drug Info Influenza A infection 1.00E+31 [2]
Amiloride
 Approved Drug Info High blood pressure BA00 [3]
Cimetidine
 Approved Drug Info Acid reflux disorder DA22 [4]
Cisplatin
 Approved Drug Info Testicular cancer 2C80 [5]
Clonidine
 Approved Drug Info High blood pressure BA00 [6]
Dinoprostone
 Approved Drug Info Medical abortion JA00.1 [7]
Dofetilide
 Approved Drug Info Maintenance of normal sinus rhythm BC81.3 [8]
Dopamine
 Approved Drug Info Parkinson's Disease 8A00.0 [9]
Ergotidine
 Approved Drug Info Migraine 8A80 [10]
Famotidine
 Approved Drug Info Peptic ulcer DA61 [11]
Gabapentin
 Approved Drug Info Partial seizures 8A68.0 [12]
Lamivudine
 Approved Drug Info Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62.Z [13]
Memantine
 Approved Drug Info Alzheimer disease 8A20 [2]
Metformin
 Approved Drug Info Type 2 diabetes 5A11 [14]
Norepinephrine
 Approved Drug Info Septic shock 1G41 [9]
Oxaliplatin
 Approved Drug Info Colorectal cancer 2B91 [15]
Pramipexole
 Approved Drug Info Parkinson's Disease 8A00.0 [16]
Propranolol
 Approved Drug Info Migraine 8A80 [6]
Quinine
 Approved Drug Info Malaria 1F40 [17]
Ranitidine
 Approved Drug Info Peptic ulcer DA61 [11]
Varenicline
 Approved Drug Info Smoking cessation 6C4A.2 [18]

 Clinical Trial Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:            4 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Indication ICD 11 Ref
Anisodine
 Phase 3 Drug Info Migraine 8A80 [19]
Choline
 Phase 3 Drug Info Elderly bronchial asthma CA23 [20]
Tetraethylammonium
 Phase 2 Drug Info Hyperlipidaemia 5C8Z [21]
YM155
 Phase 2 Drug Info Non hodgkin's lymphoma 2A8Z [22]

 Withdrawn, Discontinued or Preclinical Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:            2 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Indication ICD 11 Ref
N-methylpyridinium
 Preclinical Drug Info Colon cancer 2B90.Z [23]
Prostaglandin f2Alpha
 Preclinical Drug Info Solid tumours 2D4Z [24]

Endogenous Metabolites (EMs) Handled by This DT

 Endogenous Metabolites (EMs)

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of EMs:          14 EMs in Total
EM Name PubChem CID Detail Experimental Material Ref
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
39484
EM Info Unclear experiment used for identifying this EM [25]
2-hydroxyvaleric acid
98009
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid
1662
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
5-oxoproline
7405
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
Citrulline
9750
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
Glucose
5793
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
Haloperidol
3559
EM Info Unclear experiment used for identifying this EM [25]
Prostaglandin E2
5280360
EM Info Identified using ATCC CRL-1573 cells-OCT2h [7]
Prostaglandin F2 alpha
5280363
EM Info Identified using ATCC CRL-1573 cells-OCT2h [7]
Tryptophan
6305
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
Tryptophan
6305
EM Info Unclear experiment used for identifying this EM [25]
Uridine
6029
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
Xanthine
1188
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]
Xanthosine
64959
EM Info Identified using the urine samples obtained from carriers of three SLC22A2 genotypes [25]

Drug-DT Affinity Assessed by Cell Line

 Approved Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:          25 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Cell Line Affinity Ref
Amantadine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 27 microM [2]
Amantadine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 27 microM [2]
Amiloride Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 95 microM [3]
Cimetidine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 60 microM [26]
Cimetidine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 72.6 microM [11]
Dinoprostone Approved Drug Info Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OCT2 Km = 0.0289 microM [24]
Dopamine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 330 microM [2]
Dopamine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 1400 microM [9]
Dopamine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 390 microM [2]
Ergotidine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 940 microM [9]
Ergotidine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 1300 microM [2]
Famotidine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 56.1 microM [11]
Lamivudine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 46.3 microM [13]
Memantine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 34 microM [2]
Memantine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 34 microM [2]
Metformin Approved Drug Info Human cervical cancer cell line (Hela)-OCT2 Km = 680 microM [27]
Metformin Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 990 microM [14]
Metformin Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 1072 microM [28]
Metformin Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 3171 microM [23]
Metformin Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 3356 microM [29]
Norepinephrine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 1500 microM [9]
Norepinephrine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 1900 microM [2]
Quinine Approved Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 2.6 microM [17]
Ranitidine Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 65.2 microM [11]
Varenicline Approved Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 370 microM [18]

 Clinical Trial Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:            9 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Cell Line Affinity Ref
Anisodine Phase 3 Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 13.3 microM [19]
Choline Phase 3 Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 102 microM [20]
Choline Phase 3 Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 210 microM [17]
Tetraethylammonium Phase 2 Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 63 microM [30]
Tetraethylammonium Phase 2 Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 431 microM [30]
Tetraethylammonium Phase 2 Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 33.8 microM [21]
Tetraethylammonium Phase 2 Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 31 microM [17]
Tetraethylammonium Phase 2 Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 76 microM [17]
YM155 Phase 2 Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 2.67 microM [22]

 Withdrawn, Discontinued or Preclinical Drug

 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drug:            8 Drugs in Total
Drug Name Highest Status Detail Cell Line Affinity Ref
N-methylpyridinium Preclinical Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 16 microM [2]
N-methylpyridinium Preclinical Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 19.5 microM [29]
N-methylpyridinium Preclinical Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 19.5 microM [23]
N-methylpyridinium Preclinical Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 19 microM [17]
Prostaglandin f2Alpha Preclinical Drug Info Proximal tubule (S2) cells-OCT2 Km = 0.344 microM [24]
Monocrotaline Investigative Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 64.7 microM [19]
Serotonin Investigative Drug Info Human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293)-OCT2 Km = 290 microM [9]
Serotonin Investigative Drug Info Oocytes-OCT2 Km = 80 microM [2]
References
1 Abemaciclib Inhibits Renal Tubular Secretion Without Changing Glomerular Filtration Rate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019 May;105(5):1187-1195.
2 Human neurons express the polyspecific cation transporter hOCT2, which translocates monoamine neurotransmitters, amantadine, and memantine. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;54(2):342-52.
3 Characterization of regulatory mechanisms and states of human organic cation transporter 2. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):C1521-31.
4 Elevated systemic elimination of cimetidine in rats with acute biliary obstruction: the role of renal organic cation transporter OCT2. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2010;25(4):328-34.
5 Cisplatin nephrotoxicity is critically mediated via the human organic cation transporter 2. Am J Pathol. 2005 Dec;167(6):1477-84.
6 Influx Transport of Cationic Drug at the Blood-Retinal Barrier: Impact on the Retinal Delivery of Neuroprotectants. Biol Pharm Bull. 2017;40(8):1139-1145.
7 Are organic cation transporters capable of transporting prostaglandins? Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2005 Aug;372(2):125-30.
8 FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
9 Differential pharmacological in vitro properties of organic cation transporters and regional distribution in rat brain. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Jun;50(8):941-52.
10 The organic cation transporters (OCT1, OCT2, EMT) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) show differential distribution and cyclic expression pattern in human endometrium and early pregnancy decidua. Mol Reprod Dev. 2007 Oct;74(10):1303-11.
11 A species difference in the transport activities of H2 receptor antagonists by rat and human renal organic anion and cation transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Oct;315(1):337-45.
12 Clinical pharmacokinetic drug interaction studies of gabapentin enacarbil, a novel transported prodrug of gabapentin, with naproxen and cimetidine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 May;69(5):498-507.
13 Genetic variants of organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) and OCT2 significantly reduce lamivudine uptake. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2012 Apr;33(3):170-8.
14 Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCT1. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2005 Oct;20(5):379-86.
15 Relevance of copper transporter 1 and organic cation transporters 1-3 for oxaliplatin uptake and drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Metallomics. 2018 Mar 1;10(3):414-425.
16 Uptake of pramipexole by human organic cation transporters. Mol Pharm. 2010 Aug 2;7(4):1342-7.
17 Cloning and characterization of two human polyspecific organic cation transporters. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Jul;16(7):871-81.
18 Effect of human renal cationic transporter inhibition on the pharmacokinetics of varenicline, a new therapy for smoking cessation: an in vitro-in vivo study. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Apr;83(4):567-76.
19 An in vitro study on interaction of anisodine and monocrotaline with organic cation transporters of the SLC22 and SLC47 families. Chin J Nat Med. 2019 Jul;17(7):490-497.
20 Ventricular choline transport: a role for organic cation transporter 2 expressed in choroid plexus. J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 9;276(45):41611-9.
21 Molecular mechanisms of organic cation transport in OCT2-expressing Xenopus oocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Mar 4;1417(2):224-31.
22 Characterization of human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1/SLC22A1)- and OCT2 (SLC22A2)-mediated transport of 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-4,9-dioxo-3-(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)- 4,9-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazolium bromide (YM155 monobromide), a novel small molecule survivin suppressant. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Jan;38(1):1-4.
23 Functional characterization of the human organic cation transporter 2 variant p.270Ala>Ser. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Jun;37(6):1312-8.
24 Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Apr;301(1):293-8.
25 Pharmacogenetics meets metabolomics: discovery of tryptophan as a new endogenous OCT2 substrate related to metformin disposition. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36637.
26 Identification of novel substrates and structure-activity relationship of cellular uptake mediated by human organic cation transporters 1 and 2. J Med Chem. 2013 Sep 26;56(18):7232-42.
27 Human multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1/SLC47A1) transporter: functional characterization, interaction with OCT2 (SLC22A2), and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2010 Apr;298(4):F997-F1005.
28 Effects of tetraalkylammonium compounds with different affinities for organic cation transporters on the pharmacokinetics of metformin. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Dec;28(9):501-10.
29 Structural determinants of inhibitor interaction with the human organic cation transporter OCT2 (SLC22A2). Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2009 Apr;379(4):337-48.
30 cDNA cloning, functional characterization, and tissue distribution of an alternatively spliced variant of organic cation transporter hOCT2 predominantly expressed in the human kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 Jul;13(7):1703-10.

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